1. ???????? ??????????
???????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????????, ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????. ???????????? ????? ????????? ??? (0 ?, ??? ???, - 273.15 ℃) ????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ???????, ??????? ????????? ??? ????????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ????.
?? ???????? ???? ????????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ???? ?? ?????????? ???????,??? ???????????? ?????? 0.8μ ? ?? 50 μ ?, ????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ????????? (0.4μ ? ?? 0.8μ ?).

????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ??????????

λ = C / F, ??? C ??? ?? ???????? ??? ???? 3.0 × 108 ?? / s ??? λ ??? ?? ???????????.
??? ????????: ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? 4 ?? 1014 ?? ~ 8 ?? 1 ??.


2. ???????? ?????????? - ???????????? ????????
?? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ??????????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??????????, ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ??????????.
?????? ???, ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????????????? ??? ?????? ?? "???????? ?????????? ???????????? ????????".
??? ?? ???? - ????????, ?????? - ???????? ??? ????? - ???????? ?????????? ??????, ?? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ????? 0.7 ~ ~ 2.5μ ?, 3 ~ 5μ ? ??? 8 ~ 14μ ? ?????????????;
?? ????????? ????? ??? ?? ????????? ?????? - ???????? ???????? ????????? ??? 8 ~ 14μ ?.



3. ???????? ??????? ??????? ????:
①. ???????? ??????????: ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????.
②. ???????? ????????? ?????????????: ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ????????.
③. ??????????? ??????????????: ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ??????????? ????????.
④. ?????? ????????????: ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????????????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????.
⑤. ??????????: ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ??? ??????.

4. ???? ???????? (???)
?? ?????? - ???????? (NIR) ????? (0.8μ μ ?) ??? ???????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?????, ???? ???????? ?????, ???? ??????????? ???????? ??? ?? ???????? ????, ??? ??? ????????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????????;
??? ?????? ????,??? ???? ??? ???? ??????, ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????;
???????????????:
????????????, ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? - ???????? ?????, ??? ???????? ?????, ??? ???????? ?????, ?????? ?????????? ????, ??? ????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????????, ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????;
???? - ???????? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????????????? ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????????;


4. ???? ???????? ???????? (?????)
???? ???????? ???????? (?????) ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????? ???? ??? ???????;
??????? ????, ?????, ??? ????? ??????????? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??????;
????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ??????????;
???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????????, ??? ?????? ?????????????? ?????????? 500-3000 ?????? ???????. ?????? ???????????? ??? ?????? 500 ~ 3000 ℃;
???????????????:
????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ????, ????? ??? ?????;
??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????, ????????????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????;
???????? ??????????????? ????????? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????????;
????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????????? ????.


5. ???? ???????? ???????? (?????)
??????????????:
???? ???????????? ??? ?????????: ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ????, ??????? ???????????? (???) <20 ??, ??? ??????????? ???????;
?????? ???????????? ?????????: ????? ??? ???? ???????????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ???????? (????, 3 - 5 μ ?), ??? ??? ????????? ????????? ???? ???????????? ??? ?????, ???? ??? ??.
?????-?????? ???? ????????????: ????????? ??? Lwir, Med - Wea Wave - Wave - Wavemet ??? ????????? ????????? ???? ?? ????????????? ??? ????????, ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ????????? ?? ????????? ??? "???".
?? ????? ???????? ????: ??????? ????? ???????????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????????? ????????.
???? ?????? ????: ???? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ????, ????? 100 ?? ???? ????? ???????.

??????????????????:
???? ???????????? ??? ?????????: ???? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????, ?????????? ????????, ?? ?????????? ????, ???? ???????, ?? ??????? ??? ???????????? 5 - 10 ??? ??? ??? ?? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ??????????.
????? ????? ??? ????? ????????????: ?? ???????????????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???????, ????? ??????????????, ??? ?????????? ???? - ????????? ???? ????? ??????? - ?????? (???????????? ?? ???? ?????), ???? ?? ????????? ????? ??? ????????????.
???????????????? ????????????: ???????????? ?????????????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ??????????????? ??? ??? ???? ????????? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????.
???????????? ???????: ??????? ????? ?? ???? (????, ????? 10,000 ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??????) ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????????, ????????? ?? ??????.

???????????????:
????? ?????? ??????, ???? ?????????, ???????????????? ??? ???? ?????????? ????????????;
?????? ??????, ????????? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? (Irst).


6. ???? ???????? ???????? (Lwir)
??????????????:
?? ???? ????? ???????????????? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ???????????????? ????? ???????????????? ????, ????? ?????, ????? ?????, ???? ?????, ?? ????????????? ???????.
???? ?????????????? ?? ?? ???????: ????? ???? ??? ???????????? ???????????? (- 40 ° C ~ + 85 ° C), ???? ???? (????????? ????, ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?????, ????????????, ??????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???????????????.
??????? ????? ???????????? ??? ????? ????: ????? ???????????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? 1 ?? ????? ????????? (???? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ??????????), ???????? ???? ?????? ?? 100.000 ???, ????? ??????? ??????? ????.
All-weather capability: not affected by day and night lighting, strong ability to penetrate smoke and dust (but weaker than MWIR), suitable for night monitoring or search and rescue.

??????????????????:
Low sensitivity: usually 30~50mK, lower than cooling type (<20mK), weak detail resolution, easy to overexpose high-temperature targets (need dynamic range adjustment).
????????? ?????? ????????: ???? ???? ??? ???????????? ≤60 ??, ??? ??????? ????? ?????? - ???? - ????? ???????? ???? (????? ??? ????????? ????????).
????? ??? ??? ???? ???????????? ???? ?? ???????: ??????????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????????????? ??? ???????, ????? ??? ???????, ???? ?????????????), ???? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ????????.
?????????? ??????????? ??? ????? ???????????: ???????????? ????????????? (??????? ????, ????? ????????????? ??????) ???? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ??????????? (> 1 ?????????), ??? ?? ????????????? ???????? ??? ??????.

???????????????:
??????: ??????? ??????? ???????, ??????????? ??????????? ???????, ??????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? - ???, ????????? ???????????? ???????????, ???????????? ?????????, ?????? ????? ??????, ????????? ???? ??? ?????????.
???????: ????? - ???????????? ????? ?????? ????, ??????? - ???? ????????????? ???????.